煙氣脫硫去除煙道廢氣中二氧化硫的脫硫劑，采用多的是廉價的石灰、石灰石和用石灰質(zhì)藥劑配制的堿性溶液。脫硫劑能吸收煙氣中大部分的二氧化硫固定在燃料渣內(nèi)。化工廠、冶煉廠等常采用碳酸鈉、堿性硫酸鋁等溶液作為脫硫劑處理含二氧化硫的尾氣，并可解吸回收利用。
The most commonly used desulfurizers for removing sulfur dioxide from flue gas during flue gas desulfurization are inexpensive lime, limestone, and alkaline solutions prepared with calcareous agents. Desulfurizers can absorb most of the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and fix it in the fuel slag. Chemical plants and smelters often use solutions such as sodium carbonate and alkaline aluminum sulfate as desulfurizers to treat tail gas containing sulfur dioxide, which can be desorbed and recycled.
煙氣脫硫原理：
Principles of flue gas desulfurization:
這種混合溶液脫硫劑具有表面活性，催化氧化，可以性促進(jìn)SO2的直接反應(yīng)，加速CaCO3的溶解，促進(jìn)CaSO3迅速氧化成CaSO4.強(qiáng)化CaSO4的沉淀，降低液氣比，減少鈣硫比，減少水分的蒸發(fā)。當(dāng)煙氣入口SO2濃度增加，高于設(shè)計(jì)值時，吸收塔反應(yīng)池內(nèi)PH值降低，需要更大的Ca/S比時，在吸收塔反應(yīng)池容積不需擴(kuò)大的情況下，CaCO3能夠快速溶解，增加鈣離子濃度，保持漿液PH值在正常范圍，對PH值有一定的緩沖作用。延長工作段漿液的運(yùn)行時間，減少配漿次數(shù)，可使設(shè)備結(jié)垢明顯減少，垢層變薄，停機(jī)后用水沖洗，垢層容易脫落。
This mixed solution desulfurizer has surface activity, catalytic oxidation, and can promote the direct reaction of SO2, accelerate the dissolution of CaCO3, and promote the rapid oxidation of CaSO3 to CaSO4. It strengthens the precipitation of CaSO4, reduces the liquid to gas ratio, reduces the calcium sulfur ratio, and reduces water evaporation. When the concentration of SO2 at the flue gas inlet increases above the design value, the pH value in the absorption tower reaction tank decreases, and a larger Ca/S ratio is required. Without expanding the volume of the absorption tower reaction tank, CaCO3 can quickly dissolve, increase the concentration of calcium ions, maintain the slurry pH value within the normal range, and have a certain buffering effect on the pH value. Extending the operating time of the slurry in the working section and reducing the number of slurry mixing can significantly reduce equipment scaling and thin the scale layer. After shutdown, rinse with water, and the scale layer is easy to fall off.
對脫硫系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢起分散性和活動性，減少結(jié)垢的淤積，減少漿液中氯離子的含量，對脫硫設(shè)備中各種材質(zhì)的腐蝕、結(jié)垢速率均有不同程度的減少，其中碳鋼減少多，腐蝕、結(jié)垢速率分別可減少74%和79%，聚氯乙烯可減少48%和55%。脫硫劑的加入，可起到阻垢防腐緩蝕的作用，減少脫硫噴嘴的堵塞、結(jié)垢、腐蝕、磨損，減少漿液循環(huán)泵及葉輪的結(jié)垢、腐蝕、磨損，減少脫硫系統(tǒng)中備品備件維修和更換。拓寬脫硫材料的選擇范圍，提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性。在不同的工況下可減少和停用漿液循環(huán)泵及氧化風(fēng)機(jī)，提高脫硫效率，降低運(yùn)行費(fèi)用，適合煤中的含硫量變化，及適用高硫煤。在煙氣脫硫應(yīng)用中，具有廣闊的市場推廣優(yōu)勢，可產(chǎn)生可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會效益。
The dispersion and activity of scaling in the desulfurization system are enhanced, reducing the accumulation of scaling and the content of chloride ions in the slurry. The corrosion and scaling rate of various materials in the desulfurization equipment are reduced to varying degrees, with carbon steel reducing the most, corrosion and scaling rates can be reduced by 74% and 79%, respectively, and polyvinyl chloride can be reduced by 48% and 55%. The addition of desulfurizers can play a role in scale inhibition, corrosion prevention, and corrosion inhibition, reducing the blockage, scaling, corrosion, and wear of desulfurization nozzles, reducing the scaling, corrosion, and wear of slurry circulation pumps and impellers, and reducing the maintenance and replacement of spare parts in the desulfurization system. Expand the selection range of desulfurization materials and improve the reliability of the system. Under different operating conditions, the slurry circulating pump and oxidation fan can be reduced and stopped, improving desulfurization efficiency, reducing operating costs, suitable for changes in sulfur content in coal, and suitable for high sulfur coal. In the application of flue gas desulfurization, it has broad market promotion advantages and can generate considerable economic and social benefits.
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